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Pistol boiler
A pistol boiler is a design of steam boiler used in light steam tractors and overtype steam wagons. It is noted for the unusual shape of the firebox, a circular design intended to be self-supporting without the use of firebox stays.
The name "pistol boiler" derives from the smooth curve of the outer firebox flowing into the boiler barrel, and a supposed resemblance to the stock of an early 19th-century pistol.
== Need for a self-supporting firebox ==
The locomotive boiler had become well established since Stephenson's day; although the cost and complexity of its firebox remained a drawback, particularly for small boilers. If the top crown sheet of the inner firebox was made flat, so as to maintain a constant water depth above it, this required complex and expensive girder stays to support it. These stays were also a safety-critical part of the boiler and many past boiler explosions had been caused by their failure. This was especially so for boilers that were likely to be used at all carelessly, or by crews who were less skilled or well-trained.
Clearly the market for small steam traction engines could make use of a novel boiler design that avoided these problems. Following the lead of the London & Birmingham Railway's Bury locomotives, some small portable engines were already using cylindrical stayless fireboxes. These combined a cylindrical vertical drum with a domed top, both shapes that could support themselves well under pressure. In extreme cases for larger railway locomotives, these became the massive brass-clad 'Haycock' fireboxes that were so distinctive on early Great Western Railway locomotives.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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